Energy balance stations
To record the incoming radiance energy at the earth surface, so called energy balance stations are used. These stations measure the components of the radiance balance (global radiation, reflected radiation, incoming and outgoing long wave radiation), the sensible and latent heat flux as well as the soil heat flux.
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Fig. 3: Radiance measuring instruments on an energy balance station |
Specification of energy balance |
Quantity | Device | Type | Manufacturer | Variable | Measuring Height |
1 | Sonic anemometer | Solent-R2 | Gill | wind vector, temperature, momentum flux, sensible heat flux |
4 m |
1 | Barometer | Model 276 | Setra | air pressure (P) | 1 m |
1 | Pyranometer | Net Pyranometer Albedometer CM14 | Kipp & Zonen | global raiation, reflected irradiance |
3 m |
1 | Pyrgeometer | CGR3 | Kipp & Zonen | long-wave incoming radiation, outgoing long-wave radiation |
3 m |
3 | Heat flux plates | Heatflux Ramco HP3 | McVAN Instruments PTY LTD | soil heat flux | -0.05 m |
1 | Infrared thermometer | KT15 | Heimann | surface temperature | |
1 | Temperature and humidity sensor |
HMP35A | Vaisala | air temperature, relative humidity |
3 m |
1 | Inclinometer | Inclinometer | Seika | inclinometer | 4 m |
1 | Rain gauge | Ombrometer HP | Thies | precipitation | 1 m |
3 | SISOMOP | SMT100 | soil temperature, soil moisture |
-0.1, -0.3, -0.5 m | |
1 | Humidity and carbon dioxide sensor | Li-Cor 7500 | LI-COR | CO2 / H20, latent heat flux, CO2 flux | 4 m |